Pan Dental Infection Control and Radiation Course

Pan Dental Infection Control and Radiation Course Exam 2026

This exam is designed to test your knowledge in infection control and radiation. It consists of 50 questions: 25 from infection control and 25 from radiation. The time limit is 90 minutes, and the pass mark is 60%. Good luck!

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1 / 50

Which of the following does not cause ghost images?

Metal screw in the leg.

Dentures with metal clasps.

Metal underwire bras.

Earrings.

Thyroid collar on OPG imaging.

2 / 50

Moving away from the radiation source significantly reduces the dose received because of the inverse square law. Distance is one of the best ways to protect ourselves from radiation. True or false?

False

True

3 / 50

Autoclave cycles consist of a heat-up period, exposure period and cooldown period. When is it? allowed to take instruments out of the autoclave

During the heat-up period.

After the cooldown period.

During the exposure period.

During the cooldown period.

4 / 50

Which of the following is true about medical X-rays in pregnancy?

Radiation will always cause mental retardation of the baby, and even abortion.

Medical X-rays will always cause visible harm to the baby.

We should avoid X-rays during pregnancy where possible, but use them where they are necessary.

Radiation is completely safe for the baby.

5 / 50

_____________ can be used to take indirect digital X-rays. First, they form a latent image, which is read by a computer after laser scanning.

Analogue film.

Photostimulable Phosphor (PSP plates)

Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)

Charged-Coupled Devices (CCD)

6 / 50

A patient is worried that dental X-rays will cause them to develop mouth cancer. They heard this from a video on the internet. Is this true?

No, they will not. It is true that every dental X-ray exposure increases the risk of cancer, but by a very small (almost zero) amount.

Yes, they will develop cancer.

7 / 50

Which of the following is not a quality of a good radiograph?

Very wide beam divergence.

Reproducible.

No overlap.

Distortion free.

8 / 50

A microorganism that causes disease can be called a ____________.

Pathogen.

Normal healthy flora.

Colonising bacteria.

9 / 50

Which of the following is true about the gum disease process?

Periodontitis is reversible, while gingivitis is irreversible.

Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the periodontal pathogens involved in the process.

Gum disease has a high chance of spreading through aerosol in the office.

Periodontal plaque involves no shift from good bacteria to bad bacteria.

10 / 50

What does an autoclave use for sterilisation?

Plasma.

Steam under pressure.

Gas.

Steam.

11 / 50

DNA damage can cause the cell to die or turn into a cancer cell if the body fails to repair the damage. True or False.

False

True

12 / 50

Which of the following is true about cavities?

They are radiopaque.

Cavities are always seen, even on overlap.

Cavities are seen when a large portion of the area has been demineralised.

All cavities are visible on the X-ray.

13 / 50

Small pieces of calculus and small cavities may sometimes not be seen on an X-ray. True or False?

True

False

14 / 50

Select the true statement concerning gowns.

They do not need to be changed when soiled.

Only disposable gowns are available.

They should be worn for every procedure requiring a high-speed handpiece.

Dental assistants should take them home and wash them with strong detergents.

15 / 50

Tuberculosis can spread in asymptomatic patients. True or False?

False

True

16 / 50

A __________ is any environment that favours germ growth, and can later be a source of infection.

Infectious agent.

Portal of exit.

Reservoir.

Mode of transmission.

17 / 50

What causes elongation (an error in taking X-rays)?

Too much vertical angulation.

Too little vertical angulation.

18 / 50

What are the 2D extraoral X-rays used to plan braces (orthodontic) treatment called?

Cephalometric X-rays

Skull PA.

Sinus X-ray.

TMJ X-ray.

19 / 50

Which of the following is true about artifacts?

Ghost images and motion blur are not artifacts.

Artifacts represent true disease processes.

Digital X-rays are more likely to cause artifacts.

None of the above.

20 / 50

You can only get Hepatitis D if you have been previously infected with Hepatitis B or get Hepatitis B at the same time. True or False?

True

False

21 / 50

Which is true about pre-soaking?

Steam will properly penetrate instruments with cement on them.

It should be done for up to 10 hours, because there is no chance of rusting.

It does not remove bioburden.

Enzymatic holding solutions may irritate skin.

22 / 50

The cementum layer covering the root surface is visible on an X-ray. True or False.

True

False

23 / 50

Which of the following is the largest intraoral film size?

1

0

2

3

24 / 50

Why is gas sterilisation rarely used in dentistry?

It sterilises the instruments too quickly.

It uses toxic gases that can be dangerous.

It is more effective than steam sterilisation.

25 / 50

What makes hand hygiene different for larger oral surgical procedures?

The arms become completely sterile.

The arms are washed up to the elbows.

In these surgeries, they only use high-level antiseptic solutions; they never use soap and water.

Larger procedures have no prewashing.

26 / 50

What kind of radiation are X-rays used in dentistry?

Cherenkov radiation

Electromagnetic radiation

Somatostatic radiation

Plasma radiation

27 / 50

The __________ is the main nerve that supplies the lower teeth. It can be found in the mandibular canal space, which is visible on the X-ray.

Maxillary nerve.

Inferior alveolar nerve.

Mental nerve.

28 / 50

Where do the lower back teeth roots point towards?

Towards the tongue.

Towards the cheek.

29 / 50

A periapical X-ray is equivalent to about 1.5 days of radiation received from the sun, space and other natural sources. This is known as ______________.

Natural to medical radiation ratio.

Background Equivalent Radiation Time.

Time of Sun dose.

30 / 50

The main methods we have for sterilisation are steam, dry heat, plasma and ________?

Ultraviolet sterilisation.

Gas sterilisation.

Cold sterilisation.

31 / 50

Overlapping on bitewing X-rays is acceptable, because we will always still see the tooth decay between the teeth. True or False.

True

False

32 / 50

How should we NOT recap needles?

Using two hands.

Scoop the instrument in one motion.

Lay the needle flat on the bracket tray.

Use needle-recapping devices.

33 / 50

Modern extraoral X-ray machines have partial segment programs. One example is the panoramic bitewing program, which is more accurate than a normal intraoral bitewing. True or false?

True

False

34 / 50

_______________ refers to the development of antibodies against HIV a few weeks after infection, that can be detected by blood tests.

Seroconversion.

Antibody surge.

Reactive lymphadenitis.

Blood test threshold.

35 / 50

In a treatment room, we have a clean zone and a contaminated zone. The spittoon (also known as a spitting bowl for the patient) is located in the clean zone. True or False?

True

False

36 / 50

How can we NOT solve a gag reflex?

Salt on the tip of the tongue.

Clenching a fist or breathing slowly.

Make sure the patient focuses on the feeling of the film in the mouth.

Lidocaine spray.

37 / 50

Which of the following is true about viruses?

They can be treated with antibiotics.

They divide mainly outside host cells.

They are large enough to see with a light microscope.

They may survive on surfaces for a short time in the right conditions.

38 / 50

Which of the following pathogens causes kissing disease or Infectious Mononucleosis?

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Epstein-Barr virus

Streptococcus mutans

Porphyromonas gingivalis

39 / 50

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis is routinely recommended against HIV for all medical and dental workers. True or False?

False

True

40 / 50

Which of the following is a complete periapical X-ray?

Shows half the crown and root only.

Shows the full crown, root and bone around the root.

Shows only the root of the tooth.

Shows the crowns of both upper and lower teeth.

41 / 50

Which surfaces of teeth do occlusal X-rays mainly show?

The surfaces between neighbouring teeth.

The biting surfaces.

The bone around the root apex.

42 / 50

Protozoa are single-celled animals that are also called _________.

Rickettsiae.

Viruses.

Bacteria.

Amoeba.

43 / 50

Overuse of antibiotics can lead to the development of antibiotic resistance. True or False?

False

True

44 / 50

Select the true statement concerning eye protection.

Patient prescription glasses (spectacles) are not an effective form of eye protection.

Eye protection is not needed for procedures that generate aerosol and splatter.

Blood-borne diseases cannot spread through the eyes (conjuctiva), even if blood splashes there.

45 / 50

We MUST perform hand hygiene before putting on gloves and after taking them off. True or False?

True

False

46 / 50

Most dental restorations are radiolucent. True or False?

True

False

47 / 50

Which of the following is true about bacteria?

Spores are used for chemical monitoring of sterilisation.

Facultative anaerobic bacteria can survive in both high- and low-oxygen environments.

Bacterial spores are easy to kill.

Anaerobic bacteria thrive best in environments with high oxygen levels.

48 / 50

____________(1) indicators change colour if the temperature and pressure needed for autoclave sterilisation are reached, while ___________ (2) indicators prove that sterilisation actually occured.

1. Mechanical 2. Chemical

1. Chemical 2. Biological

1. Mechanical 2. Biological

1. Biological 2. Chemical

49 / 50

Hepatitis B mostly causes chronic infection in very young children, but overall, hepatitis C causes the most chronic infections. True or False?

True

False

50 / 50

Upper teeth roots, or even rarely the whole tooth, can be found inside or appear superimposed with the maxillary sinus. True or False?

False

True

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